ecclesial service and spiritual accessibility of its ancient counterpart (4.13.10).9 On both counts, then, Calvin’s fundamental concern is to reject what he calls “double Christianity,” conceived either as two separate camps side by side or as two separate ranks in a hierarchy of discipleship. By setting up a “private altar,” he argues, sixteenth-century monastic communities “have both excommunicated themselves from the whole body of the church and despised the ordinary ministry,” thus creating two